References
Temporal Light Modulation Measurement and Metrics
Primary standards and publications behind the flicker metrics reported by FlickerLab. Where a standard is a paid publication, we link to its official publisher listing.
Mp
Flicker Perception Metric
ASSIST recommends…, Vol. 11, Iss. 3 — Recommended Metric for Assessing the Direct Perception of Light Source Flicker (Lighting Research Center, Jan. 2015)
PstLM
Short-Term Light Modulation (severity)
IEC TR 61547-1 — lamp flicker method, adapted for general optical input
SVM
Stroboscopic Visibility Measure
IEC TR 63158 — Equipment for general lighting purposes — objective test method for stroboscopic effects
PAVM
Phantom Array Visibility Measure
Tan, J., Miller, N.J., Royer, M.P., & Irvin, L. (2024). Temporal light modulation: A phantom array visibility measure. Lighting Research & Technology.
TM‑39‑25
Classification & Guideline Table
ANSI/IES TM-39-25 — Quantification and Specification of Visual Responses to Temporal Light Modulation (Illuminating Engineering Society)
LM‑90‑20
Waveform Measurement Method
ANSI/IES LM-90-20 — Approved Method: Measuring Luminous Flux Waveforms for Use in Temporal Light Artifact (TLA) Calculations (Illuminating Engineering Society)
IEEE 1789
Modulation Risk Curve
IEEE 1789-2015 — IEEE Recommended Practices for Modulating Current in High-Brightness LEDs for Mitigating Health Risks to Viewers
IEC, ANSI/IES, and IEEE standards above are paid publications; links go to each publisher's official listing.